Filament deposition modeling (FDM), also indicated as fused filament fabrication (FFF) is an additive manufacturing process, by which the material is melted and extruded through a nozzle to 3D print a cross-section of an object moving layer by layer.
There are many different materials for this type of printing process, the most common are: ABS, PLA, Polycarbonate.
Advantages:
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Very simple and low-cost machines
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Good mechanical strength of the pieces
Disadvantages:
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Poor surface finish
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Slow process
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Requires support structures